Critically Appraised Topic of Errorless Learning Impact on Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury
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Authors
Birchmier, Phelan
Flores, Amanda
Heaton, Carlie
Nahas, Erin
Issue Date
2025-05-16
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Abstract
What is the effectiveness of errorless learning to improve higher level cognition in individuals with traumatic brain injuries?
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury can be classified as an external trauma to the head either focal or diffused depending on the severity of damage to the individual's brain. Individuals with TBI can experience physical, cognitive, and emotional deficits impacting their functional independence and quality of life. Cognitive impairment includes difficulty with memory, speech, attention, cognitive processing, and executive functioning.
AIMS: This critically appraised topic (CAT) is aimed at determining the effectiveness of errorless learning for individuals with traumatic brain injuries to improve their higher-level cognition.
METHODS: Literature search review was completed to find studies with varying levels of evidence that aligned with the aim. Studies found were analyzed only to include peer-reviewed level 1B and 2B studies published within the last 10 years. The criteria for the studies included individuals diagnosed with a brain injury aged 8-70 years old participating in interventions with components of errorless learning. Seven studies were included that matched the criteria.
RESULTS: Level 1B and 2B research completed on errorless learning revealed moderate, positive evidence regarding the effectiveness of errorless learning to improve higher level cognition in individuals who have had a traumatic brain injury. Results demonstrated that errorless learning is best utilized in task specific training interventions and was demonstrated to have more positive impacts on individuals who are younger or have a higher IQ. Further RCTs with larger sample sizes and a focus on task specific training and systematic reviews should be completed to increase strength of evidence for errorless learning.
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Creighton University
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Copyright is retained by the Author. A non-exclusive distribution right is granted to Creighton University